What is STAB and what does it stand for?

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I wondered this and never bothered to find out.

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STAB,also known as Same-Type Attack Bonus

STAB is a 50% boost to moves which are the same type as the user.For example,An Infernape using Mach Punch.Since Infernape is part fighting type and mach punch is a fighting type move,there is an increase in base power from 40 to 60

Same-type attack bonus (Japanese: タイプ一致ボーナス coincident type bonus), abbreviated STAB, is a 50% boost to the power of an attack when it is the same type as one of the types of the Pokémon using the attack. This results in a 50% increase in damage (100% if the Pokémon has the Adaptability Ability).Same-type attack bonus does not apply to moves that do not use the normal damage formula, such as Seismic Toss. Contrary to what some early strategy guides stated, Normal-type attacks can receive the same-type attack bonus.The same-type attack bonus was introduced in Generation I and has remained unchanged since.

Source:Well it’s something every Pokémon player should know andhttp://bulbapedia.bulbagarden.net/wiki/Same-type_attack_bonus